The planet was born around 4.5 billion years ago by the big bang or some other phenomenon (Christopher Gorse 2015).   The Planet's ecosystem is composed of unique characteristics that guarantee the human well-being and allow them to begin their 2.5-million-year period of evolution (Manhes et al. 1980). However, in a period of approximately 340,000 years, the earth started to decrease its capacity of fulfilling human needs, as a result of the massive human expansion and their unsustainable behaviors (“The Father of All Men Is 340,000 Years Old” 2017). These unsustainable human practices are contributing to the deterioration of the socio-ecological system on which we depend. Population expansion has a significant contribution to the negative socio-ecological impacts, which was triggered by the industrial revolution around 250 years ago (Christopher Gorse 2015). Our society began producing and manufacturing products in huge quantities, leading to unrestricted consumption of natural resources and creating very high levels of ecosystem pollution (Princiotta and Loughlin 2014).

The unlimited usage of Earth’s resources has brought several environmental, economic and societal problems such as climate change, biodiversity loss, inequality, poverty and increasing inequalities in wealth (Banavar 2012). For example, these expanded negative impacts are increasing. The environmental tensions have reached a very high level of intensity and rhythm of change that may be challenging to overcome the unpredictable alteration. For instance, if the levels of greenhouses emissions continue rising, humanity would face devastating consequences, including oceans rising levels, partial melting of Antarctica and increases in weather extremes (França 2017). Moreover, there is an anticipation of social disorganization along with problems from forced migration and the economic collapses (Chen et al. 2012). As a result, a devastation of our civilization might be possible. 

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