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"It never rains the way everyone likes"

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Today I arrived home after work and my dog was waiting me behind the door, impatient, nervous. When I entered the kitchen, I realized he had not eaten or drunk  in my absence.  
I was surprised that he did not want to drink until I got home, despite being thirsty.
Then, he has been laying  next to me all afternoon. 
My dog is one of the few who enjoyed the pandemic.  A year and a half in the company of his owners, two daily walks, homemade food ... and now he has to return to normality… to loneliness, to a hurried walk, to industrial feed.  

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Some people think that hosting an international sports event is good for the country, while some people think it is bad. Discuss both views and state your opinion.

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International sports events usually attract a lot of global attention. While some people claim that there are various benefits for a country to host an international game, others doubt that this event brings many advantages to a nation. In my opinion, a global sports event will create enormous effects on the host countries apart from some occasions.

First of all, it is a chance of fame enhancement when a nation accepts to host international sports game. Because sports events may include many kinds of sports games such as soccer, volleyball, etc., a variety of sports lovers will monitor and put attention to news of where to organise the event. This will help the host countries to be globally well-known thanks to the media. For example, Vietnam was the host country for ASEAN Games in 2003 and gained significant recognition. Secondly, organising international sports events gives chances for a nation to have relationships with other countries, thus, facilitates cooperation in many areas. An event organized globally gather delegates from many countries to attend. Therefore, the host nation is able to make friends and seek cooperation chances in many areas, which assist the economic growth or political enhancement. A report showed that the economy in Viet Nam dramatically rose after being responsible for ASEAN Games.

In contrast, if it was on a special occasion such as a pandemic or terrorism threat, a nation would better not host a sporting event. There are negative impacts on a nation hosting a global event in a sensitive period, which can cause the deterioration of the economy or harm to citizens. For example, a lot of people in Japan criticized and rejected when this country agreed to host the Olympic Games 2020 in the Covid-19 outbreak. People were worried because setting up a large event can spread the pandemic and make the situation worse.

In conclusion, I believe that fame increase and chances for cooperation will be the good points that a nation gained when hosting a global sports events but there are no good hosting events in some sensitive period.

 
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Some popular science on Incest and Inbreeding in Stone-Age humans

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Inbreeding and incest have always been hot topics. Even today things like that happen.
But how our prehistoric ancestors managed to reproduce without degenerating, while living in isolated tribes of about 20 to 30 people. 
Half of such a tribe must have consisted of kids, then all 15 adults who were able to reproduce had to be close relatives. Therefore, some degree of inbreeding just had to take place. Under such circumstances, how they have survived?
What can science tell about this? On one hand? There is a lot of data on inbreeding in animals.
During the 20th century Some highly endangered species, out of which maybe just 2 or 5 individuals had left, were bred to thousands. This was the case for European bison, cheetah, Mauritius pink pigeon, and for Eurasian wild horses, which were bred from 18 individuals to a herd of 2000. Of course, some inbreeding was unavoidable.
The secret behind this is that inbreeding itself does not necessarily lead to deviations in offspring. Problems only occur if both parents have some recessive mutation trait, which can manifest in their offspring as a dominant trait, and a bad overlap take place. 
If this overlap happens, children may suffer from say microcephaly, or some other terrific syndromes. This overlap may also happen without inbreeding, but the chances are higher for close relatives when they mate because relatives are more genetically similar, and the chances for both mother and father having the same recessive traits that are bad, is higher.
Outside of these possible bad genetic traits’ overlap, there is no biological harm of incest and inbreeding at all. So if future parents who are close relatives both do a full genetic sequencing and it shows no possible bad overlap, so no problem! You can go on.)
Now back to our Paleolithic ancestors. Living in small groups where inbreeding was the only way of survival, of course, led to some bad mutations popping out and accumulating. And because of tough life with constant hunger, cold, and no proper medication, these bad mutations could easily lead to the extinction of the whole group. 
The tough life of the paleolithic age demanded good genes, and bad genes were discarded by natural selection. So only lucky inbreeders survived)
We all are their descendants)
But in general, inbreeding does not make your offspring any better, it still adds some risk to offspring’s genetic outcome.
So looking for mates outside one’s small group early became a dominant tactic. The recent examination of Cro-Magnon cavemen's DNA has revealed that they preferred to take mates from the most unrelated groups possible.
The genetic composition of Cro-Magnon individuals from, say, Dolnie Vestonice Paleolithic site is very heterogeneous, and most individuals show a great diversity in their maternal and paternal genetic contribution. Looks like they consciously practiced exogamy, and they knew that mating with a close relative was wrong.
But this was not always the case, and there is strong evidence for that. A genetic search of Neanderthals from El Cidron Paleolithic site showed that almost all males of this population were very close relatives, mostly siblings, while most females genetically did not belong to the group, which means they were brought from somewhere outside.
Such a system of finding mates, where males live in a group they were born into, and females are brought from outside,  is called patrilocal and seems to be typical for great apes. Chimpanzees and gorillas practice it in a wild, and Australopithecus seem to have practiced it, which is revealed by examining Stronzium isotopes from their skeletal remains. Most males died in the area where they were born, and most females died away from their birthplaces.
But sometimes people were in situations where you just can not bring anyone from outside, for example, when isolated on some island.
One of the most illustrative cases of this is the story of Pitcairn island in the Pacific. About 200 years ago a crew of a British sailboat Bounty rebelled and after they got rid of the officers they captured the ship and sailed to Pitcairn Island, which was totally uninhabited to the moment. On arrival, the crewmen started to fight with each other for various reasons, and after a short time, the newly established population of Pitcairn island consisted of only one British man and about 6 Tahitian women who were previously captured by the crew. To live for longer than one generation, this group just had to inbreed. And they did it successfully! In total isolation.
They multiplied so profoundly that they even populated the nearest island. 
This was an example of a successful and to some extent happy inbreeding story.
But there are many examples of unhappy endings for those groups practicing inbreeding. 
Some isolated groups accumulate mutations ranging from severe and lethal to mild, but still unpleasant, say, higher incidence of color blindness, deaf-muteness, Huntington’s syndrome, or various bone malformations.
But people with such mild disabilities are still able to procreate, thus transferring their genes to future generations. So, mutations of that sort are bad to live with, but the group affected by such mutations can still exist for hundreds of years if there is no sharp concurrence with other more healthy groups, and the environment is stable. Such cases are rare because people love to migrate, and any isolated group is at some moment discovered by other groups with different genetic compositions.
So, the potential threats of inbreeding have been surpassed by constant migrations, by natural selection, by the fact that inbreeding itself may have no bad consequences, and even if some bad mutations are present in the group it can still exist if conditions are sufficiently mild.
This was the short story of incest in humans. If you enjoyed this video please like and subscribe.
There are more videos to come on hot topics like this. See you next time.

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Student

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Important: please correct only grammatical mistakes and expressions that would sound strange to a native speaker’s ear; don’t correct the style because it’s hard for me to tell if the corrections are prompted by your disliking the sentence or by a genuine grammatical mistake. Thank you.

He told him everything. He finished only at midnight. Afterwards, they spent the night reading the New Machiavelli to each other until the sun started dawning on Witherspoon Hall. Then, someone slid a copy of the Princetonian under the door. Outside, the sparrows shook themselves dry of the morning dew and twitted joyfully at the sunrise. During his last two years at Princeton, he met a hotchpotch of individuals that amused him not a little. In the first place, they introduced him to certain books that belonged to a very specific type of autobiographical novel that he dubbed “quest books”. In these books, the hero embarks on a quest for which he is very well prepared, but after a while realises that his skills and abilities would be better employed somewhere else, on a different mission. Sinister Road and Sublime Inquest were perfect examples of this kind of books. In Sinister Road, the main character, a police detective, starts by pursuing a seemingly trivial murder investigation involving two drunkards that had fought outside a bar, only to discover, as if it were by chance, a more momentous crime that consisted in a complot against the Queen. The books were rubbish, but they helped him kill time during the long summers, in which he used to read them lying on a bench in some park, interrupting his reading from time to time to enjoy the sight of the sunrays dancing amongst the leaves of the centennial trees.

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Pollution table

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The table compares the data in average annual percentaje of the four main water contaminants: domestic sewage, pesticides, erosion, and phospates in detergents; in four main cities of the world.

Overall, it can be seen that the domestic sewage accounted for the majority of the pollution in Taipei, Sau Paulo and New York, and the erosion represented the least influency of the total pollution in Taipei and New York. Also, it can be noticed that the biggest percentage of water contamination was because of pesticides in Tokio, while the remaining water pollutants had the same influence.

The domestic sewage represented half of the total of water pollution in New york, followed by pesticides by 28 percent. Erosion and phosphates in detergents were 12 and 10 percent respectively. In the same way, domestic sewage had the biggest percentage in Sao Paulo by 65, but the second bigger was the erosion. Tokio had almost the same percentage in all the main contaminants, whereas New York had domestic sewage and phosphates in detergents like the most relevants with an average of 37.5 percent.

Thank you very much :) :)

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When the dreams arise

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This is an short paragraph where I want to talk about the dreams and how to impact your life forever. It not easy to understand how it works but frecuently you tray to realize that you belong to the place where you was born, an example of that is the fact where you can't learn other language when you live in determinate country, so when you grow up, everything is hard, and your fears arise because you can't handle new situations and opportunities among them, feeling that you everything you do is wrong. But with fetah you can see a chance to do it good and arise the hope, becoming in a dream, and then the adventures start. 

I hope you enjoy my paragraph and of course most important are your corrections. Thanks in advance and like the Free Guy says, don't have a nice day, have a great day haha or something like that. Bye!

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A pain in my lower back

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I felt a pain in my lower back last Thursday.

On that day, luckily, I just had an appointment for the osteopathic clinic and got a treatment.

However, my lower back was still painful and I went to another clinic the next day.

I got an electric treatment there, but I still had the pain.

Saturday, I went there and got an electric treatment again, but it didn't get better.

Sunday, the pain still remained in my lower back, so I couldn't do any household chores.

It is the first time that I have felt continuous pain like this time.

These four days, I almost have spent standing up or sitting down.

Now, although I'm still not in good shape, my lower back is certainly getting better.

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Line graph

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The line graph illustrates the four main products of farming: cotton, corn, wheat and sugar, in Mitchford city between the years 1970 and 2000. 

Overall, it can be seen that the wheat and the corn had a slighly constant behavior that occillated between ten thousand dollars in these years, while the sugar had a sharpen increase and the cotton sckyrocketed until 1990 and plummed from there.

The wheat moves between 45 thousands dollars in 1970, had a little bit growth of 1 thousand until 1980 and decreased slowly to 43 thousands until the year 2000, whereas the corn produced 30 thousands dollars in 1970, rise until 1980 as well in 10 thousand, and felt at the same level of 1970 in 2000.

While the sugar increased its production in 20 thousand dollars until 1990, and it started to fall steadly 3 thousand to 2000, the wheat remained the same in 20 thousand dollars for 10 years, had a sharpen behaviour growing and falling in 70 thousand dollars between the years 1990 and 2000.

 

Thanks a lot in advance!!

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Analysis of a cycle

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The diagram illustrates how the contaminate water goes to the ocean in Bristol, which is an English city, where occurs the water cycle. First, it can be notice that the water that comes of the rivers and streams, which is dirty, goes to either the reservoir or the water treatment plant. If the water goes to the reservoir, after a while it has to goes anyway to the water treatment plant, where the water is cleaned and become fresh water for the  human consume. After the humans use that water, it becomes dirty again.

The pollute water that comes of the houses and factories, can go direct to both, oceans and rivers, however one part goes the sewage treatment plants, where again pass thorough a cleaning process in order to go to the rivers and streams again. This rivers have dirty water that goes to the ocean as well.

I can see the problem is the water doesn't have being cleaning after the people's use, so all the pollution is going to the oceans, and this will be a problem for all the comunity if they are not aware of the damage that they are doing to themselves.

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Some sentences with new words

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When I was in the US,  salmon became a go-to part of my diet. I bought it  raw, cooked it in a big pan with potatoes, carrots and tomatoes, and my digestion slowly got better after some issues I'd had with local food. 
 After my return to Russia, I still stayed away of meat and started buying smoked salmon. It was good, but then a couple of times I came across the product that smelled and tasted bad. I changed my diet again.
Now I buy low - salt trout and enjoy it making salads with it.
When I cook something new, I usually put in the food I've already used with some other dishes. It helps me predict, at least roughly, what it's finally going to be. To take on most brilliant world chefs, one has to improvise as well. It's not enough to simply follow their recipes. 

 

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